منابع مشابه
The Arctic Winter Sea Ice Quadrupole Revisited
The dominant mode of Arctic sea ice variability in winter is often maintained to be represented by a quadrupole structure, comprising poles of one sign in the Okhotsk, Greenland, and Barents Seas and of opposing sign in the Labrador and Bering Seas, forced by the North Atlantic Oscillation. This study revisits this large-scale wintermode of sea ice variability usingmicrowave satellite and reana...
متن کاملSimulation of denitrification and ozone loss for the Arctic winter
We present simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) for the Arctic winter 2002/2003. We integrated a Lagrangian denitrification scheme into the three-dimensional version of CLaMS that calculates the growth and sedimentation of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles along individual particle trajectories. From those, we derive the HNO3 downward flux resulting fr...
متن کاملVortex - averaged Arctic ozone depletion in the winter 2002 / 2003
A total ozone depletion of 68±7 Dobson units between 380 and 525 K from 10 December 2002 to 10 March 2003 is derived from ozone sonde data by the vortex-average method, taking into account both diabatic descent of the air masses and transport of air into the vortex. When the vortex is divided into three equal-area regions, the results are 85±9 DU for the collar region (closest to the edge), 52±...
متن کاملImportance of autumn Arctic sea ice to northern winter snowfall.
In their contribution to PNAS, Liu et al. (1) suggested that the recent decline of Arctic sea ice has played a critical role in recent cold and snowy winters in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). This study is very interesting, but we believe it deserves several clarifications. First, in 2010, Wu et al. (2) discovered the importance of autumn Arctic sea ice in triggering regional cold extremes; for ...
متن کاملWinter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean
Extremely low abundance microorganisms (members of the "rare biosphere") are believed to include dormant taxa, which can sporadically become abundant following environmental triggers. Yet, microbial transitions from rare to abundant have seldom been captured in situ, and it is uncertain how widespread these transitions are. A bloom of a single ribotype (≥99% similarity in the 16S ribosomal RNA ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Atmosphere
سال: 1963
ISSN: 0004-6973
DOI: 10.1080/00046973.1963.9676523